Starting Water factory business is one of important business I can recommend to everyone

1. Government has failed to provide the basic drinking water for citizens.
2. The rapid increase in population. The more the people in towns, the more the need for people to drink water.
   3.Water is life. Our body consist of over 75% of water.There is not going to be a day, people will stop drinking water.
3. Sachet water has no close or partially close substitute.
4. The more the producer is, the more the consumers of sachet water.
5. The popularity of sachet water is growing on alarming rates even in towns and villages across Nigeria.
6. Sachet water is very cheap and affordable to buy even by the poorest man on earth.
7. It is a major source of revenue for the government, so the government is even encouraging more producers.
8. It is widely acceptable and used for events and parties.
9. Consumption of sachet water is not restricted by any law or religious belief unlike alcohol or some other drinking products.
10. The set up requires little start-up capital compared to other factories.
11. There is ready made market for the product. All you need is just produce.
12. The payback period for the investment into the business is less than 1year. Amazing?
13. The return on Investment (ROI) is more than 50% and it is subject to increase on expansion of the business.
14. It requires little or no periodical acquisition of raw materials for production; water is a free gift of nature.

Have you made up your mind to start water industry but need help?

Connect with Consultant

If you wish to start a “pure” water factory in Nigeria, then you have made a good business choice because Pure water business is very recommendable and profitable.

Step 1: Good Factory Location.

Step2: Good Water Source/Borehole

Step 3: Equipment/Water Treatment

Step 4: Procurement and Installation of production Equipments

Step 5: Regulatory & Documentation

(a). Registration with CAC
(b). Trademark registration
(c) NAFDAC Registration

Step 6: Power Generation

Step 7: NAFDAC Inspection and Approval

Step 8: Production Materials

Step 9: Staffing

Step 10: Products Distribution.

For Consultancy, contact wa.me/2348163381124 or email: kasmegatop@gmail.com

Six Important bullish candlestick patterns

Bullish patterns may form after a market downtrend, and signal a reversal of price movement. They are an indicator for traders to consider opening a long position to profit from any upward trajectory.

Hammer

The hammer candlestick pattern is formed of a short body with a long lower wick, and is found at the bottom of a downward trend.

A hammer shows that although there were selling pressures during the day, ultimately a strong buying pressure drove the price back up. The colour of the body can vary, but green hammers indicate a stronger bull market than red hammers.

Inverse hammer

A similarly bullish pattern is the inverted hammer. The only difference being that the upper wick is long, while the lower wick is short.

It indicates a buying pressure, followed by a selling pressure that was not strong enough to drive the market price down. The inverse hammer suggests that buyers will soon have control of the market.

Bullish engulfing

The bullish engulfing pattern is formed of two candlesticks. The first candle is a short red body that is completely engulfed by a larger green candle.

Though the second day opens lower than the first, the bullish market pushes the price up, culminating in an obvious win for buyers.

Piercing line

The piercing line is also a two-stick pattern, made up of a long red candle, followed by a long green candle.

There is usually a significant gap down between the first candlestick’s closing price, and the green candlestick’s opening. It indicates a strong buying pressure, as the price is pushed up to or above the mid-price of the previous day.

Morning star

The morning star candlestick pattern is considered a sign of hope in a bleak market downtrend. It is a three-stick pattern: one short-bodied candle between a long red and a long green. Traditionally, the ‘star’ will have no overlap with the longer bodies, as the market gaps both on open and close.

It signals that the selling pressure of the first day is subsiding, and a bull market is on the horizon.

Three white soldiers

The three white soldiers pattern occurs over three days. It consists of consecutive long green (or white) candles with small wicks, which open and close progressively higher than the previous day.

It is a very strong bullish signal that occurs after a downtrend, and shows a steady advance of buying pressure.

Six bearish candlestick patterns

Bearish candlestick patterns usually form after an uptrend, and signal a point of resistance. Heavy pessimism about the market price often causes traders to close their long positions, and open a short position to take advantage of the falling price.

Hanging man

The hanging man is the bearish equivalent of a hammer; it has the same shape but forms at the end of an uptrend.

It indicates that there was a significant sell-off during the day, but that buyers were able to push the price up again. The large sell-off is often seen as an indication that the bulls are losing control of the market.

Shooting star

The shooting star is the same shape as the inverted hammer, but is formed in an uptrend: it has a small lower body, and a long upper wick.

Usually, the market will gap slightly higher on opening and rally to an intra-day high before closing at a price just above the open – like a star falling to the ground.

Bearish engulfing

A bearish engulfing pattern occurs at the end of an uptrend. The first candle has a small green body that is engulfed by a subsequent long red candle.

It signifies a peak or slowdown of price movement, and is a sign of an impending market downturn. The lower the second candle goes, the more significant the trend is likely to be.

Evening star

The evening star is a three-candlestick pattern that is the equivalent of the bullish morning star. It is formed of a short candle sandwiched between a long green candle and a large red candlestick.

It indicates the reversal of an uptrend, and is particularly strong when the third candlestick erases the gains of the first candle.

Three black crows

The three black crows candlestick pattern comprises of three consecutive long red candles with short or non-existent wicks. Each session opens at a similar price to the previous day, but selling pressures push the price lower and lower with each close.

Traders interpret this pattern as the start of a bearish downtrend, as the sellers have overtaken the buyers during three successive trading days.

Dark cloud cover

The dark cloud cover candlestick pattern indicates a bearish reversal – a black cloud over the previous day’s optimism. It comprises two candlesticks: a red candlestick which opens above the previous green body, and closes below its midpoint.

It signals that the bears have taken over the session, pushing the price sharply lower. If the wicks of the candles are short it suggests that the downtrend was extremely decisive.

A mistake many traders make is to focus on their winning rate, and this is not qualify you to be a profitable trader.

Why?

That’s because you can have a high winning rate and remain a losing trader.

Let me prove it to you…

Example 1

You have a 90% winning rate
Every time you’re right, you earn $1
Every time you’re wrong, you lose $20
And here’s the outcome of your next 10 trades…

Win Win Win Win Win Win Win Win Win Lose

Here’s what your profit and loss will look like:

+$1 +$1 +$1 +$1 +$1 +$1 +$1 +$1 +$1 – $20 = -$11

As you can see, a 90% winning rate will not make you a profitable trader if have a poor risk to reward ratio.

Now you might be thinking…

“So I’ll focus on favorable risk to reward ratio, like 1 to 10!”

Nope.

That’s because you can have a 1 to 5 risk to reward ratio but if your winning rate is too low, you’ll still lose.

Here’s how…

Example 2

You have a 10% winning rate
Every time you’re right, you earn $5
Every time you’re wrong, you lose $1
And here’s the outcome of your next 10 trades…

Lose Lose Lose Lose Lose Lose Lose Lose Lose Win

Here’s how your profit and loss will look like:

-$1 -$1 -$1 -$1 -$1 -$1 -$1- $1 -$1 +$5 = -$4

Clearly, a favorable risk to reward ratio isn’t enough either.

So, what’s the lesson?

Your winning rate and risk to reward ratio are useless on its own.

Instead, you must combine your winning rate and risk to reward ratio to know if you’ll make money in the long run.

So now the question is…

What’s the right balance of winning rate and risk to reward ratio?

Fortunately, there’s a simple formula for it…

Expectancy = (average gain x probability of gain) – (average loss x probability of loss)

Let me give you an example of how this works…

Example 3

Your winning rate is 40%
Your losing rate is 60%
The average size of your gain is $500
The average size of your loss is $300
So what is your expectancy?

Well, using the formula…

Expectancy = (average gain x probability of gain) – (average loss x probability of loss)

Expectancy = ($500 x 40%) – ($300 x 60%)

Expectancy = $20

Now how do you interpret this number? Simple, it means you can expect to make an average of $20 per trade.

So if he executes 100 trades, he can expect to make about $2,000 (calculation: $20 x 100 = $2,000)

As you can see, your expectancy (also known as an edge) is determined by both your winning rate and risk to reward ratio.

So the #1 rule of trading is this, you must have an edge in the markets.

Without it, nothing else matters.

It doesn’t matter if you have the best risk management because you’ll suffer death by a thousand cuts.

It doesn’t matter if you’re the most disciplined trader because you’ll end up as a disciplined loser.

It doesn’t matter if you have extensive trading knowledge because all trading strategies come down to this simple equation, whether you have an edge (or not).

Now you might be wondering…

“So how can I find an edge in the markets?”

More on that in my next post…

Don’t forget to share and drop your comment

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Wondering what cryptocurrencies to buy, and when? When you research crypto assets, you may run into a special type of price graph called a candlestick chart. So it’s good to take a little time to learn how these work. 

Similar to more familiar line and bar graphs, candlesticks show time across the horizontal axis, and price data on the vertical axis. But unlike simpler graphs, candlesticks have more information. In one glance, you can see the highest and lowest price that an asset hit during a given timeframe — as well as its opening and closing prices. 

What are candlestick charts?

Here’s an example of an actual Bitcoin-USD candlestick chart.

Candlesticks give you an instant snapshot of whether a market’s price movement was positive or negative, and to what degree. The timeframe represented in a candlestick can vary widely. Coinbase Pro, for instance, defaults to six hours — with each candle representing a five-minute slice — but users can set it to be longer or shorter. (Also worth noting: unlike stock markets, crypto markets are open 24 hours a day. So the “open” and “close” prices are the prices at the beginning and end of the selected timeframe.) 

• Green candles show prices going up, so the open is at the bottomof the body and the close is at the top. Red candles show prices declining, so the open is at the top of the body and close is at the bottom.
• Each candle consists of the body and the wicks. The body of the candle tells you what the open and close prices were during the candle’s time frame. 
• The lines stretching from the top and bottom of the body are the wicks. These represent the highest and lowestprices the asset hit during the trading frame.

What do candlesticks tell us?

Candlesticks can reveal much more than just price movement over time. Experienced traders look for patterns in order to gauge market sentiment and to make predictions about where the market might be headed next. Here are some of the kinds of things they’re looking for: 

• A long wick on the bottom of a candle, for instance, might mean that traders are buying into an asset as prices fall, which may be a good indicator that the asset is on its way up.
• A long wick at the top of a candle, however, could suggest that traders are looking to take profits — signaling a large potential sell-off in the near future.
• If the body occupies almost all of the candle, with very short wicks (or no visible wicks) on either side, that might indicate a strongly bullish sentiment (on a green candle) or strongly bearish sentiment (on a red candle).  

Understanding what candlesticks might mean in the context of a particular asset or within certain market conditions is one element of a trading strategy called technical analysis — by which investors attempt to use past price movements to identify trends and potential future opportunities. 

How to read “one-candle signals”

Traders operating in really short time frames sometimes focus on just one candle. Familiarizing yourself with these “one-candle signals” can be a helpful exercise as a beginner. In the image below, you’ll find four common one-candle signals: 

1. 1. A long upper shadow could be an indicator of a bearish trend, meaning that  investors are looking to sell and take profit. The longer the upper shadow, the stronger an indicator.
2. 2. A long lower shadow could be a bullish signal, indicating that investors are looking to buy, thus driving prices up. The longer the lower shadow, the more reliable the signal. 
3. 3. A Doji candle has no body, because the open and close prices are the same. These can typically be interpreted to mean there is indecision in the market, and are a possible indicator for an upcoming price reversal. (Why “doji”? Candlestick charts were first used by Japanese rice traders in the 18th century. “Doji” means error — presumably because it would be uncommon for prices to open and close in the exact same place. ) 
4. 4. Umbrellas have a distinctively long bottom wick. A red umbrella is also known as a hammer. When you see a hammer it often means that the asset is receiving some serious buy action — and the price might soon be on its way up. Green umbrellas, on the other hand, have an ominous nickname: hanging men. They’re often a signal that sellers are ready to cash out — reversing the up cycle.

It’s important to note that one-candle signals can be an important clue, but an accurate reading of the market requires understanding the broader context. And spotting trends and patterns in candlestick charts isn’t easy. If you’re not sure what investment strategy is right for you, check with a professional advisor.

Enquiry, WhatsApp the Admin below:

https://wa.me/2348034662007

This could be crucial information that YOU SHOULD KNOW…

Today I am going to SHARE with you the TOP 3 things that I wish I had known early on in my trading career…..

So that YOU my friend…..

DO NOT MAKE the SAME mistakes that I did….

Are you Ready?….Ok Good….Then let’s dive in….

The FIRST thing I wish I knew when I started trading FOREX:

…is to SET REALISTIC Expectations..

You know a lot of new traders jump aboard the Forex Wagon, and begin to have Visions of Grandeur…They can just smell the Money….

I was no different when I started off.,….

Look…there is MONEY to be made in the FOREX MARKET….VERY GOOD MONEY….but you just have to BE realistic about things….Don’t expect to take $ 1000 and turn that into 500,000 by the end of the year….BE REAL…

The SECOND thing I wish I knew when I started trading FOREX:

‘’is to USE LEVERAGE very responsibly…

Listen up….If you are picking your broker mainly by the amount of leverage they are offering you…..then you are just ASKING to eventually get blown out…..

200:1 Leverage….100:1 Leverage, even 50:1 Leverage…

Are you NUTS?…..Just save yourself the time and aggravation and instead….Just give away that MONEY to a good charity.

At least that way you will get back some GOOD KARMA in return….

I would highly suggest that you use no more than 10:1 leverage in your trading…I like to limit myself to about 5:1, and I can still make VERY HEALTHY returns with that…

The THIRD thing I wish I knew when I started trading FOREX:

….is the value of the “Right FOREX Education”….

I cannot OVEREMPHASIZE the word “Right”. There is a lot of information out there…. Unfortunately, there is a lot of just pure JUNK also…..

I myself have EASILY read over a 125 or so Trading Books….and taken various courses on trading….I even studied under the GREAT “George Lane” for a full week or so back in the late 90’s…. ( If you don’t know, George Lane is the inventor of the famous Stochastics indicator that many traders use today…

But my point is that the Right Forex Trading Education or Mentor can put you LIGHT YEARS ahead compared to finding and learning what’s out there on your own…

NATIONAL AGENCY FOR FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF PACKAGED WATER PLANT IN NIGERIA

GENERAL
These guidelines are for the general public, corporate organizations and individuals that wish to engage in production of packaged potable water for public consumption.
These guidelines prescribe the minimum GMP requirements for personnel, materials, machine and environment for production of potable water.
It is important to note that no packaged water should be manufactured, advertised, sold or distributed in Nigeria unless it has been registered in accordance with the provisions of Act Cap F33 LFN 2004 and the accompanying guidelines.

ORGANIZATION AND PERSONNEL
There should be an adequate organizational structure that clearly defines
a) Responsibility
b) Authority
c) Qualification of Personnel

There should be adequate personnel to perform and supervise the production and packaging of potable water. Production of potable water must be under the supervision of a production manager who must possess a minimum of ordinary National Diploma in a science based course obtained from a recognised tertiary institution.
In house and In process Quality Control of functions can be carried out by the production manager while comprehensive/detailed product analysis should be performed by public analyst registered by the Institute of Public Analyst of Nigeria (IPAN)
Personnel should be adequately clad in overall, hand gloves, nose/mouth masks, headgears and rubber shoes.

BUILDING(S)
The entire factory premises should be fenced to demarcate it from all other buildings (residential or commercial).
The factory must not be sited (located) near a cemetery, abattoir, quarry, sewage treatment plant, sawmill, oil depot (Petroleum and Vegetable) or anysuch establishment that could be a source of contamination for processing, production and packaging of potable water. The building should be designed to allow for free flow of personnel and materials to prevent cross contamination. The building for the production of potable water should be purpose built or suitably adapted to comprise a minimum of five rooms designated as the cloak room, packaging material store, production room and finished product store and Office
CLOAK ROOM:
a. Floor should be made of easily cleaned and disinfected non shedding durable material and should have smooth surface.
b. Walls should be made of easily cleaned and disinfected non shedding durable material and should have smooth surface.
c. Windows should and be screened with insect-proof nets and be constructed in such a way as not to trap dust.
d. Wall hangers/cupboard should be provided.
e. Shoe rack/lockers should be provided.
f. Ventilation and Illumination should be adequate.
g. A netted door at the entrance should be provided.

PACKAGING MATERIALS STORE:
a. Floor should be made of easily cleaned and disinfected non shedding durable material and should have smooth surface.
b. Walls should be made of easily cleaned and disinfected non shedding durable material and should have smooth surface.
c. Windows if present should be screened with insect-proof nets and be constructed in such a way as not to trap dust.
d. Pallets/shelves (not wooden) should be provided.
e. Ventilation and Illumination should be adequate.
f. An Ultraviolet sterilizing lamp should be provided and bulb changed when spent.
PRODUCTION ROOM:
a. Floor should be covered with easy to clean durable materials.
b. Drainage system should be adequate to prevent flooding.
c. Walls should be made of easily cleaned and disinfected non shedding durable material and should have smooth surface.
d. Windows should be screened with insect-proof nets and be constructed in such a way as not to trap dust.
e. An air conditioner should be provided.
FINISHED PRODUCT STORE:
a. Floor should be made of easily cleaned and disinfected non shedding durable material and should have smooth surface.
b. Walls should be made of easily cleaned and disinfected non shedding durable material and should have smooth surface.
c. Windows should be screened with insect-proof nets and be constructed in such a way as not to trap dust.
d. Pallets/shelves (not wooden) should be provided.
e. A netted door should be provided at the exit.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT:

SOURCE OF WATER
The source of water could either be from a borehole of minimum depths of 100ft or 150ft depending on topography of the location. Water could also be found through public mains provided by the local water cooperation. Use of dug out well is not allowed. Water source should be at least 30-50m away from the nearest septic tank which may or may not be situated within the premises.
TANKS AND RESERVOIR
All tanks should be made of PVC or stainless steel. Underground reservoir (where available) should be made of concrete and fully tiled.
PIPES
All pipes should be made of stainless steel or PVC. Use of galvanised iron pipes is not allowed.
TAPS
Taps should be made of stainless steel or PVC mounted on a stainless steel sink.
FORM FILLING AND SEALING MACHINE

The form filling and sealing machine (where available) should be designed to minimise man-material contact, safe to use, easy to clean and environmentally friendly. The equipment may be a fully or semi automated device.
WATER TREATMENT PROCESS

RAW WATER TANK (should be PVC or stainless steel,chlorination to be done here)
BOREHOLE
(100-150ft)minimum
INDUSTRIAL MODULES (should consist of graded sand bed filter and activated carbon)
UV STERILISER
Micro FILTERS
TREATED WATER TANK (Should be PVC or stainless Steel)
PRODUCTION LINE
WASHING AND TOILET FACILITIES Adequate, clean washing and toilet facilities should be provided for personnel Washing facilities should be equipped with soap or detergent, air driers or single-service towels. This should be walled and floored with easily cleaned and disinfected non shedding durable material and should have smooth surface.
Toilets should be away from the production or storage areas and should be easily accessible to production area.
Sewage, refuse and other wastes within the premises should be disposed of in a safe and sanitary manner.
SANITATION

Any building used in the manufacture, processing and packaging of potable water should be maintained in a hygienic condition. Standard operating procedures assigning responsibility for cleaning must be in place. The SOP should describe in sufficient details, the cleaning schedules as well as equipment and materials to be used in cleaning the buildings and facilities. The building should be regularly fumigated with approved fumigants in accordance with the food and drug act and the pesticides registration regulation of NAFDAC.
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEEDURES (SOPs)

Standard Operating Procedures should be written for all operations namely SOP for Production SOP for Quality Control SOP for cleaning of factory Premises and Equipments. SOP Recall and Distribution. SOP for cloaking and use of toilets etc.

APPLICATION  FOR INSPECTION Application for inspection of packaged water factory should be directed to:
The Director General
National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control
Plot 2032, Olusegun Obasanjo Way, Wuse Zone7, Abuja.
All application should be accompanied with:
(i) Evidence of payment
(ii) Company s Certificate of Incorporation and
(iii)Product s Trademark Registration Certificate.

STATUTORY FEES FOR INSPECTION
All payments to the Agency should be in bank draft in favour of National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration and Control All payments attract a 5% VAT charge.

Laboratory analysis for the purpose of renewal shall be 50% of the original tariff. For comprehensive details and more information.

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